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10个柑橘砧木类型同源四倍体的发掘与SSR鉴定

ISSN号：1009-9980
期刊名称：果树学报
时间：2014.1.10
页码：1-6
分类：S666[农业科学—果树学;农业科学—园艺学]
作者机构：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院·园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070
相关基金：农业部行业科研专项“柑橘砧木资源收集、评价与筛选”（201203075）;国家863计划课题（2011AA100205）;教育部创新团队发展计划（IRT13065）致谢：四川省农业科学院园艺研究所陈克玲研究员提供了香橙砧木的种子,特此感谢!
相关项目：园艺作物种质资源研究与遗传改良

关键词：柑橘, 砧木育种, 同源四倍体, SSR分子标记, Citrus, Rootstock breeding, Autotetraploid, SSR （Simple Sequence Repeat）

中文摘要：

【目的】从我国主要柑橘砧木实生后代中发掘自然发生的四倍体，希望获得一批同源四倍体砧木新种质。【方法】秋季采摘柑橘砧木的成熟果实，剥取种子，温室播种，待种子萌发后，根据幼苗形态进行初选，用流式细胞仪对初选植株倍性检测，并通过SSR标记鉴定其来源。【结果】通过早期形态学观察及流式细胞仪分析，分别获得枳、早实枳、枳橙、香橙、大叶大花枳、河南枳、酸橘、枳柚、枸头橙和红橘等10个砧木类型的四倍体36、17、3、15、3、1、1、4、7、5株。采用定位于甜橙9条染色体的27对SSR多态性引物对获得的枳、早实枳、枳橙和香橙等4种砧木的四倍体的分子标记鉴定，表明它们均为同源四倍体。【结论】挖掘出一大批柑橘砧木四倍体新种质，为多倍体砧木育种奠定了种质基础。

英文摘要：

[Objective]The main objective is to explore stocks for potential tetraploid rootstock improvement. spontaneous autotetraploids from main citrus root- [Method]Fruits were harvested in autumn, seeds were extracted and sown in seed plot in greenhouse. Putative tetraploids were selected based on their mor- phology and then they were verified by flow cytometry. 27 SSR markers located in 9 chromosomes of sweet orange were used to analyze the genetic origin of these tetraploids. [Results]A total of 92 tetraploid seedlings were obtained from all studied diploid genotypes i.e. 36, 17, 3, 15, 3, 1, 1, 4, 7 and 5 seedlings from trifoliate orange, early flowering trifoliate orange, citrange, fragrant orange, big leaf big flower trifoliate orange, Henan trifoliate orange, sour tangerine, citrumelo, Goutou sour orange and red tangerine respectively. SSR analysis validated that the band profiles of tetraploids derived from diploid tri- foliate orange, early flowering trifoliate orange, citrange and fragrant orange were identical to their diploid maternal line. [Conclusion]These autotetraploids hold great potential for both tetraploid rootstock breeding and basic research on stress tolerance of polyploids.