中文摘要：

高岭石是东营凹陷沙河街组砂岩储层中常见的黏土矿物,对储层物性具有重要的影响,但目前对其特征及成因的研究较少。本文利用薄片分析、阴极发光、扫描电镜、X射线能谱等多种技术手段,结合东营凹陷构造演化、流体活动历史与成岩序列研究了东营凹陷高岭石的类型、特征及其成因。研究结果表明：东营凹陷沙河街组砂岩储层主要发育两类高岭石,第一类高岭石晶形发育良好,单偏光下呈鳞片—蠕虫状,扫描电镜下单晶呈假六方片状,晶体排列紧密,集合体呈蠕虫状或书页状,成分纯;第二类高岭石晶形发育不及第一期,单偏光下呈鳞片状,扫描电镜下可见晶层卷曲,晶体排列疏松,集合体呈手风琴状,其成分中除了Al、Si、O还含有少量Fe、Ca元素。高岭石主要为自生高岭石,是长石在有机质演化过程中产生的酸性流体作用下发生溶蚀作用的产物。但是,两类高岭石具有不同的形成时期、成因和形成环境,其中,第一类高岭石主要形成于东营末期,是沙四段上部烃源岩生烃和油气成藏时生成的有机酸溶蚀长石的产物;而第二类高岭石形成于馆陶期末和明化镇组大规模油气充注时期,此时,处于晚成岩A期,大量的蒙脱石向伊利石转化,酸性流体中含有较多的Fe2＋、Ca2＋等。

英文摘要：

Kaolinite is a common clay mineral of the Shahejie sandstone reservoir in Dongying sag,which has an important influence on the reservoir properties. However,the characteristics and origin of kaolinite are poorly understood.Based on data of structural evolution,fluid history and diagenetic sequence of Dongying sag,types,characteristics and origin of kaolinite were studied by using a series of techniques-rock slice,scanning electron microscope（ SEM）,energy dispersive X-ray（ EDX） and cathodoluminescence（ CL）. Research results show that there are mainly two kinds of kaolinite. The first kind kaolinite has perfect crystal form and pure elements,it appears in scaly-vermiform shape under single polar and the tightly packed aggregate of kaolinite occurs as vermiform or booklet under SEM. The crystal form of the second kind kaolinite is not so perfect as the first,it appears in scaly shape under single polar light. Under the SEM some laminae is curved and the aggregate of kaolinite occurs as accordion which is packed loosely. Except for Al,Si,O,the second kind of kaolinite contains little Fe and Ca. These two kinds kaolinite in Dongying sag are mainly authigenic kaolinite,whick have been precipitated from the dissolution of feldspar in the strata acidic media relevant to the evolution of organic matter. These two kinds of kaolinite have different formation period,origin and formation circumstance,the first and the second kinds kaolinite are relative to the twice oil and gas charging of Dongying sag,respectively,which occurs in late Dongying period,late Guantao and Minghuazhen period. When the second kind kaolinite forms,sandstone enters the late diagenesis A substage period and large amounts of smectite transfer to illite,causing more Fe and Ca cation dissolved in the acid fluid.