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一种用于群体模拟的分层次避障法

ISSN号：1000-1239
期刊名称：《计算机研究与发展》
时间：0
分类：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术;自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院计算技术研究所智能信息处理重点实验室,北京100080, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（60533070,60573162）;国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划基金项目（2006AA012336） Crowd simulation is an important problem, since there are so many applications of computer animation and simulation including education, entertainment, training and human factors analysis for building evacuation. How to steer the agents properly between obstacles is a crucial but challengeable issue in the field of crowd simulation since an inappropriate collision or overlap will greatly harm the reality of the simulation. In this paper, we address this problem and present a feasible hierarchical obstacle avoidance method. This method can be applied to many kinds of crowd simulations methods to generate effective obstacle avoidance behaviors without additional environmental restriction or visually unpleasant artifacts in agent＇s movement. Now this method is employed in the emergency evacuation simulation and performs well. It will be also used to create lifelike crowd scenes in the movie making process soon. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （60533070, 60573162） and HTRDPC （2006AA01Z336）.

作者：王洁[1,2], 王兆其[1], 李淳芃[1,2], 毛天露[1,2], 夏时洪[1]

关键词：基于主体的, 群体模拟, 避障, 分层次, 穿透矫正, agent-based, crowd simulation, obstacle avoidance, hierarchy, intersection elimination

中文摘要：

个体避障是实现基于主体的（agent—based）群体模拟中一个很重要的问题，为了实现个体间以及个体和环境间的碰撞避免并杜绝穿透，人们提出了大量避障方法．但是，这些方法面临的挑战在于：如何杜绝穿透现象并最大程度地减少由于避障需求而带来的个体行为模拟上的空间限制和失真．针对这一问题，提出了一种分层次避障方法，从静态避障、动态避障、穿透矫正3个不同的层次对避障进行处理．静态避障层和动态避障层通过对物体的划分和分别避障，极大地减少了各层次避障时需要考虑的各种复杂情形；而基于可变包围盒和原位置的穿透矫正层则有效地杜绝了模拟中出现的穿透现象，也消除了现有模拟中由于避免穿透而引入的空间限制和失真．

英文摘要：

Obstacle avoidance is an extremely challenging issue faced by crowd simulation. Many different approaches have been proposed with the aim of avoiding collision and eliminating intersection artifacts between two agents or between agent and environment. But most of these methods can not guarantee against overlapping, while other methods which can ensure no overlap have many space restrictions on agent＇s behavior or may cause visually unpleasant artifacts. To solve this problem, hierarchical obstacle avoidance focuses on a three levels obstacle avoidance method which contains two-level obstacle avoidance behavior and an intersection elimination level. The two-level obstacle avoidance behavior is used for avoiding collision during the behavior planning and execution while the intersection elimination level is employed to adjust overlapping after coarse renewed positions are calculated for agents. The two-level obstacle avoidance behavior, including static obstacle avoidance and dynamic obstacle avoidance, extremely reduces the complexity of the situation which should be considered in the planning and execution of agent＇s behavior by dividing the objects into two kinds： static obstacles and dynamic obstacles according to their attributions and making use of separate obstacle avoidance method to avoid collision. The intersection elimination level, based on agent＇s variable bounding box and its previous position, eliminates intersection artifacts absolutely in every update period without space restrictions and visual artifacts.

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