中文摘要：

浸润性梯度表面是指表面浸润性随着表面位置的变化而连续变化的一种特殊梯度表面.在过去的20年间,由于浸润性梯度表面在智能涂料、微流体器件和液体自输送等方面具有广阔的应用前景,因此人们研发并制备了各种类型的浸润性梯度表面,总体而言,可分为三类：（1）化学组成类浸润性梯度表面;（2）表面形貌类浸润性梯度表面;（3）化学组成-表面形貌复合型浸润性梯度表面.重点介绍了这三大类浸润性梯度表面的分类与区别,以及近些年来这些新型浸润性梯度表面的主要制备方法,如扩散法、浸泡法、刻蚀与打印、机械拉伸法、半月板沉积法和温度梯度法等,并归纳总结了这些方法的各自优缺点.在目前的材料科学领域,虽然关于浸润性梯度的研究还属婴儿期.可是利用梯度表面研究生物蛋白或细胞吸附,液体自输送等,已经发展成为一门成熟的学科.最后综述了近期关于浸润性梯度表面在研究生物蛋白或细胞吸附,液体自输送等方面的应用进展,并展望了该课题的未来发展.

英文摘要：

Wettability gradient surfaces are specific gradients on which surface wettability continuously changes with surface position variation.In the past 20 years,due to the wide applications in smart coatings,microfluidic devices and liquid self-transportations,people investigated and prepared a lot of kinds wettability gradient surfaces,which overall could be divided into three categories：（1） chemical-composition gradients,（2） surface-morphology gradients and（3） topography/chemical composition gradients.This paper focuses on the classification and distinction of these three categorized gradients,and also summarizes novel and mainly techniques appeared recently in the preparation of wettability gradients,such as diffusion method,immersion method,etching/printing,mechanical stretching method,meniscus template and the temperature gradient method,etc.The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are also summarized.At present,although the research of wettabilty gradients is still in infancy,however,the applications of these gradients in the research of biological protein or cell adsorption,liquid transportation have developed into a mature discipline.At the end of this paper,the recent research progresses of wettabilty gradient surfaces in the areas of biological protein,cell adsorption,liquid self-transportation and the future development of this subject are reviewed.