中文摘要：

气孔参数法和热力学原理是两种利用植物化石定量重建古海拔的方法。气孔参数法是基于气孔参数与大气CO2浓度的负相关性,而热力学原理则是基于热焓与海拔的负相关性。本文详细介绍这两种古海拔重建方法,并采用热力学原理,结合相关文献资料,定量重建中国山东山旺中中新世的古海拔,结果为400—1000m,高于现代山旺的250m,支持之前共存分析的研究结果。推测自中中新世以来,山旺海拔存在下降的趋势,与中国地貌演变的研究结果吻合。

英文摘要：

Stomatal parameter analysis and thermodynamic principle are two methods to reconstruct quantitatively palaeoaltitude. Stomatal parameter analysis is based upon the negative correlation between stomatal parameter （including stomatal density and stomatal index） and atmospheric CO2 concentration while thermodynamic principle is based on the negative correlation between enthalpy and altitude. The two methods are introduced in detail in this paper. Thermodynamic principle is employed to quantitatively reconstruct the palaeoaltitude of the Middle Miocene Shanwang from Shandong Province,Eastern China,based on the reference data used. The palaeoaltitude turns out to be 400—1000 m,compared to its present-day 250 m,which agrees with the results from coexistence analysis in previous work and suggests a decline of elevation since the Middle Miocene in Shanwang. The result in the present paper also supports the conclusions from other palaeogeographical research.