中文摘要：

大规模电动汽车（EV）的充电需求和充电负荷分布将呈现出规律性,从群体的角度对EV进行优化调度,可以降低问题的维度,提高优化计算的效率。基于区域EV的集群响应特性,建立了以负荷峰谷差最小化为目标的EV群体充电概率分布模型。在此基础上,根据EV群体对充电电价的灵敏度,建立EV集群响应的实时电价模型,通过电价对EV的充电行为进行有序引导,从而实现电网的＂移峰填谷＂策略。以典型的区域配电网负荷数据为例,验证了文中EV充电优化调度方法的有效性。最后,对EV群体响应实时电价的灵敏度,以及不同灵敏度下EV群体和代理商的节省成本进行讨论。

英文摘要：

The charging demand and load distributing of massive electric vehicles（EVs）should obey some regularity.From the perspective of cluster response,the dimensions of the EV scheduling problem will be greatly reduced and the efficiency of optimization calculations will be improved.An optimization model of local agents for minimizing peak-valley difference is established based on the cluster response characteristics of EVs.Moreover,a real-time pricing model for EVs cluster response is built according to EVssensitivity to charging price.The charging behavior of EVs is guided through charging price so as to realize the strategy of power grid peak shaving.By taking typical distribution network load data of a certain area as a test case,the effectiveness of the charging load regulation method is verified.Finally,the EVssensitivity to real-time pricing response and cost savings of EVs and local agents of different sensitivity are discussed.