中文摘要：

立构复合结晶是高分子结晶中的一种普遍现象,也是不同高分子之间共结晶的特殊形式.互为立体异构高分子在共混物和立体嵌段共聚物中可形成立构复合结晶.由于这种独特的链凝聚结构,立构复合结晶材料与相应的同质结晶材料的性能显著不同,立构复合结晶通常可提高高分子材料的熔点、耐热性、结晶能力、结晶度、机械力学性能、耐溶剂性能等.通过立构复合结晶,可使一些非晶或难结晶的高分子转变为可结晶或高结晶度的状态,从而实现材料性能的转变.因此,互为立体异构高分子之间的立构复合结晶为聚合物材料的性能优化和调控提供了有效的途径.文献已报道了多类可立构复合结晶的聚合物体系,包括脂肪族聚酯、脂肪族聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚酰胺和聚酮等.本文根据聚合物化学结构的不同,针对文献已报道的可立构复合结晶的高分子体系,综述了其立构复合结晶的形成条件、结构特征与物理性质.

英文摘要：

Stereocomplex crystallization is a general behaviour in polymer crystallization and it is also a special cocrystallization process between different polymers. The polymers with complementary configurations and chiralities can form stereocomplex crystallites in their blends and stereoblock copolymers. Stereocomplex crystallization includes homo and hetero types; the former and latter represent the stereocomplex formation between the enantiomeric polymers having the identical and different structures, respectively. Stereocomplex crystallites of the polymers usually have denser chain packing in the crystalline lattice than that in the common homocrystallites, because of the presence of additional intermolecular interactions（e.g., hydrogen bonding interactions）. Due to their unique structural feature, the stereocomplexed polymers generally have distinct physical performances from the corresponding homocrystalline polymers. Stereocomplex crystallization can change melting temperature of the original polymers, and improve their thermal resistance, crystallizability, degree of crystallinity, processability, mechanical properties, and solvent-resistance. Some polymers, that are non-crystallizable or difficult to crystallize, can become crystallizable through stereocomplex crystallization; this can significantly change the physical performances of the resulted materials. Stereocomplex crystallization offers therefore a feasible and efficient avenue to manipulate and optimize the physical properties of the involved polymers. Stereocomplexed polymers have a variety of potential applications as biomedical materials and thermal-resistant engineering plastics. A large number of polymer systems have been reported to fit for stereocomplex crystallization, including aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic polycarbonates, polymethacrylate, polyimide, polyketone, etc. Among them, the aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates are two major classes of the stereocomplexable polymers; these polymers are biodegradable and can be partially der