中文摘要：

脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）在神经系统中的发育和功能中起重要作用。BDNF通过多种途径调控神经元的生存、分化、树突和轴突生长、突触形成、神经元可塑性、学习和记忆的基本过程，BDNF的调控功能失调可能是BDNF参与孤独症谱系障碍发病的重要机制。现就BDNF与孤独症谱系障碍作一综述。

英文摘要：

The brain- derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） plays an important role in the development and function of the nervous system. BDNF controls the neuronal survival, differentiation, growth of dendrites and axons, for- mation of synapse, neuronal plasticity and the basic process of learning and memory through a variety of ways, the dys- regulation of which is probably the important molecular mechanism responsible for the onset of autism spectrum disor- der. The research advance on preclinieal research and clinical research between BDNF and autism spectrum disorder is reviewed in this paper.