中文摘要：

目的探讨腹腔麻醉与吸入麻醉方式对建立大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAO）脑缺血-再灌注模型的影响。方法将64只大鼠随机分为两组，分别应用水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉法和气管插管2％七氟烷混合30％氧气吸入麻醉法进行麻醉，Longa法建立MCAO模型。观察两组大鼠的麻醉诱导、持续及苏醒时间的差异，对比分析血气分析、血糖、肛温、脑温、神经功能缺失评分、48h存活情况以及梗死体积的差异。结果水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉对呼吸有明显抑制，血气分析显示有严重的呼吸性酸中毒[pH7．29±0．03，PCO，（56．8±4．2）mmHg，PO，（119．1±15．6）mmHg]，吸人麻醉组辅助呼吸，血气分析正常[pH7．48±0．06，PCO，（36．2±0．3）mmHg，P02（219．1±27．4）mmHg]。两组大鼠的pH值、PC02、P02相比差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。腹腔麻醉能显著降低脑温和肛温[梗死区皮质温度（33．3±0．8）℃、纹状体温度（33．6±0．3）℃、肛温（34．7±0．5）℃]，吸人麻醉对脑温和肛温影响较小[梗死区皮质温度（35．1±0．3）℃、纹状体温度（36．2±0．3）℃、肛温（35．1±0．3）℃]，两组问脑温比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01），而肛温问差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。大鼠48h存活只数及脑梗死体积在腹腔麻醉组与吸人麻醉组之间差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论建立大鼠MCAO模型时，应用吸人麻醉明显优于腹腔麻醉，其对呼吸、血糖、脑温等指标影响较小，有利于建立稳定的大鼠MCAO模型。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effect of intraperitoneal injection anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia during creating a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion （ MCAO ）. Methods Rats were anesthetized and maintained respectively with chloral hydrate by intraperitoneal injection and inbreathing 2% halothane and 30% 02 via tracheal intubation. MCAO model was created by method of Zea Longa. The time of induction, maintenance, recovery and physiological indexes were monitored, and the result of blood gas analyses, blood glucose, brain temperatures, rectal temperatures, neurological deficit, 48 hours＇ survival rate and the volume of brain infarction were also studied. Results Intraperitoneal injection anesthesia inhibited the respiration significantly. Blood gas analysis indicated serious respiratory acidosis （ pH 7. 29 ±0. 03, PCO2 56. 8 ±4. 2 mm Hg, PO2 119. 1 ± 15.6 mm Hg）. But it appeared approximately normal in rats with halothane anesthesia （ pH 7. 48 ± 0. 06, PCO2 36. 2 ± 0. 3 mm Hg, PO2 219. 1 ± 27.4 mm Hg）. There was significant difference between two kinds of anesthesia in pH, PCO2 , PO2 （ all P 〈0. 01 ）. Anesthesia with chloral hydrate by intraperitoneal injection can reduce brain and rectal temperature significantly （ cerebral cortex in ischemia area 33.3 ±0. 8℃, striatum 33.6 ±0. 3℃, rectum 34. 7 ± 0. 5℃ ） , However, endotraeheal anesthesia affected little on brain and rectal temperature （cerebral cortex in ischemia area 35. 1 ± 0, 3℃ , striatum 36. 2 ± 0. 3℃ ,reetum 35. 1 ± 0. 3℃ ）. There were significant difference between two kinds of anesthesia in brain temperature （ P 〈 0, 01 ） , but in rectal temperature they had not significant difference （P 〉0. 05）. There was no significant difference of survival rate at 48 hours and brain infraet volume between the two kinds of anesthesia （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion This study suggestes that endntracheal anesthesia with 2% halothane and 30% O2 is better than intraperitoneal injection of chloral h