中文摘要：

景观破碎化在减小物种生境大小的同时增加了生境的空间隔离度，直接或间接影响种群遗传多样性和空间遗传结构．要明确景观特征的改变对种群生存能力的影响，不仅需要收集大量的实例研究来描述一般的发展规律，更要形成标准化的研究试验设计，对生境和物种的变化在时间和空间尺度上进行量化，从而制定更为科学合理的应对措施．文章首先综述了景观破碎化对植物种群遗传学效应的影响，然后分别从分子标记、统计分析方法和取样策略三方面介绍了该领域研究方法的进展，最后指出今后此方面的研究亟需加强多学科间的交流，以期发现和创造新的研究领域和方法．

英文摘要：

Landscape fragmentation decreases habitat scale, intensifies spatial isolation of habitats and directly or indirectly affects the population genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure. To clear the effects of the changes of landscape features on population viability, it needs not only collect quantities of empirical researches to describe the general rules, but also quantify the changes of habitats and species in time and space scales to standardize experimental study design. This paper summarizes genetic effects of landscape fragmentation on plant populations and reviews the research methods commonly used in this filed. Furthermore, interdisciplinary exchanges should be strengthened in order to discover and create new research areas and methods.