中文摘要：

目的：研究西洋参干预胰岛素抵抗大鼠活性部位的化学成分。方法：以乙醇提取，用大孔树脂吸附，乙醇洗脱得其总皂苷，再用硅胶柱色谱及HPLC等分离技术与方法进行分离和纯化，并通过理化常数及光谱数据确定其结构。结果与结论：分得3个化合物，鉴定后分别为3—0-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1—2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-20-O—β—D吡喃阿拉伯糖基-（1→6）-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-达玛-24-烯-3p，12β，20S-三醇（I）；3—0—β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-20—O-B-吡喃木糖基-（1→6）-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-达玛-24-烯-3B，12β，20S-三醇（II）；达玛-25（26）-烯-3β，12β，20S，24ζ-四醇（20-O—β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基）-3—O—β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基（1—2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（III）。

英文摘要：

Objective：To study the chemical constituents of active site that American ginseng treats rat insulin resistance. Methods：They were extracted by ethanol and adsorbed by macroreticular resins, then eluted with ethanol and isolated by silicagel column chromatography and HPLC preparation chromatography. Their structures were determined by physical and chemical properties as well as spectrographical identification. Result and conclusion：Three compounds were isolated from the active site that American ginseng treats rat insulin resistance. Their structures were identified as 3 - O - β - D - glucopyranosyl - （ 1→2 ） - β - D - glucopy - ranosyl - 20 - O - β - D - arabinopyranosyl - （ 1→6 ） - 6 - D - glucopyranosyl - dammar - 24 - ene - 3 6, 126 ,20S - triol （ I ） , 3 - O - 6 - D - glucopyranosyl - （ 1→2 ） - β - D - glucopvranosvl - 20 - O - β -D - glucopyranosyl - （ 1 →6 ） - β - D - xylopyranosyl - dammara - 24 -ene - 3β,12β,20S - triol （ II ） , dram - mar - 25 （26） - ene - 3β,12β,20S, 24ζ - ietraol - 20 - 0 - β - D - glueopyranosyl - （ 1→2 ） - β - gl - ucopyranoside （ Ⅲ）.