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中文摘要：
本文以地铁DTVI2型扣件的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPEE)胶垫为例，开展扣件胶垫动参数的频变试验，结合国外相关试验成果，提出反映扣件胶垫刚度频变特征的经验公式。据此计算分析扣件胶垫频变刚度与常量刚度工况下的钢轨垂向自振特征。研究表明：TPEE胶垫的复刚度、损耗因子与储能刚度总体上随激振频率的增加而增大，TPEE胶垫刚度在实际工作中并非常量；如果扣件胶垫刚度具有明显的频变性，只有当外部激振频率A与该激振频率下扣件胶垫刚度I的钢轨-扣件系统某阶固有频率相同时，该阶固有频率才是钢轨-扣件系统的敏感共振频率；在前50阶自振中，扣件胶垫刚度频变的钢轨垂向敏感共振频率明显高于扣件胶垫常量刚度工况，随着阶数的增加，两工况中相同阶数下敏感共振频率的差距逐渐缩小；在敏感共振频率基本一致的情况下，扣件胶垫刚度频变的钢轨垂向敏感共振波长明显大于扣件胶垫常量刚度工况。因此，不考虑扣件胶垫刚度的频变特征必然会降低钢轨垂向敏感共振频率及其振型的预测精度。
英文摘要：
Based on the case of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer(TPEE)pads for Type 'DT VI2'subway fasteners,the frequency-dependent dynamic parameters of the pads were measured.Based on this measure-ment and the results of foreign experimental researches,an empirical equation representing the frequency-de-pendent stiffness of rail pads was provided to calculate the frequency-dependent stiffness of rail pads and the vertical free vibration characteristics of rails under the condition of constant stiffness.Study showed that the complex stiffness,loss factor and energy-storage stiffness of TPEE pads generally increased with the increase of the excitation frequencies,while the stiffness of TPEE pads was not a constant in the actual service.If there are the rail pads with the obviously frequency-dependent stiffness,only when the excitation frequency of fi is consistent with a certain natural frequency of the rail-fastener system with the rail-supporting stiffness of ki at the excitation frequency of fi,this natural frequency is just the sensitive resonance frequency of the rail-fastener system.In the top 50 orders,the vertical sensitive resonance frequencies of the rail-fastener system with the frequency-dependent stiffness of rail pads were significantly higher than those of the rail-fastener sys-tem with the constant stiffness of rail pads.The gap between sensitive resonance frequencies under the same order was narrowing with the increase of the orders.Under basically identical sensitive resonance frequencies,the vertical sensitive resonance wavelength of the rail-fastener system with the frequency-dependent stiffness of rail pads was clearly longer than that of the rail-fastener system with the constant stiffness of rail pads.There-fore,the prediction precision of the vertical sensitive resonance frequencies and modes of rail-fastener system will be affected once frequency-dependent stiffness of rail pads is neglected.
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