中文摘要：

根据新疆地区53个气象站1960—2009年50年的气象资料,采用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith公式计算了各站点逐月参考作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET0）。采用GIS反距离插值方法得到新疆参考作物蒸发蒸腾量分布图,将各站点ET0变化趋势进行聚类分析,通过Morlet小波变换、倾向率等方法探讨了时空变化特征及影响因素。结果表明,近50年新疆平均ET0呈显著减小趋势,不同区域ET0的年际变化趋势差异显著;在25～30年时间尺度上,全区平均ET0的周期振荡较为明显,经历了＂多→少→多＂3个循环交替过程;ET0年内分布均呈单峰状,且各站之间峰值相差很大;多年平均ET0空间分布总体上由西北向东南增加,且与地形起伏有高度的一致性。新疆大部分地区ET0变化率为负值,与＂蒸发悖论＂规律相符,其主要原因是风速降低对ET0的影响超过了温度上升,但1992年以来,由于温度持续升高,ET0出现了回升态势。

英文摘要：

reference crop evapotranspiration（ET0） is the basic of agricultural water calculation and forecasting.The monthly evapotranspiration of fifty-three weather stations in Xinjiang province in 1960—2009 was estimated using Penman-Monteith equation which was recommended by FAO.The spatial distribution of ET0 was obtained by GIS and IDW method was used for spatial interpolation.The ET0 changing trends of all sits are divided in to five categories through clustering analysis method.Then the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and influence factors of the ET0 are discussed,in which,Morlet wavelet transform method and the trend rate are also used.The result shows that：in the past 50 years,The regional average ET0 of Xinjiang presents a significant decreasing trends.The interannual variability trends of ET0 in different areas are markedly different.The temporal variability of regional average ET0 has a quasi-periodicity of 25~30 years experiencing three alternating stages（high→low→high）.ET0 yearly distribution tends to a single-peak shape,and the peak values of different stations are significant different.The general characteristics of average years ET0 space distribution is increased from northwest to southeast,and have a highly consistency with the rolling terrain.The ET0 rate in Most of the region in Xinjiang are negative,conform to the ＂evaporation paradox＂ rule,mainly because the influence of the decreasing wind speeds to the ET0 is bigger than the increasing temperature.Since 1992,ET0 in Xinjiang shown an upward trend as the temperature rising,the ET0 evolution in the future need a further forecast and research.