中文摘要：

海上溢油已成为影响海洋生态环境的重要污染物之一,我国近40年发生约3200起海上溢油事故。当今用于监测海上溢油的遥感主要是光学和雷达卫星,卫星遥感往往重访周期长,而海上溢油事件时常发生,给海洋带来严重的环境污染,需要快速、准确的监测其状况。GNSS-R技术具有全天候监测海洋的特点,因此更适合用于海面溢油检测。为了验证GNSS-R技术在检测海面溢油的可行性,利用2013年中国青岛海洋溢油事故的遥感图像的溢油结果,作为仿真实验检测目标,进行岸基的GNSS-R海面溢油检测仿真研究。利用Z-V散射模型和海水/溢油的均方坡度（MSS）模型结合,建立了能反映海面状况GNSS散射信号特征的时延-多普勒图（DDM）。仿真得到DDM中检测到海面溢油区域,验证了利用GNSS反射信号进行海面溢油检测的可行性。

英文摘要：

Oil spill has become one of the important effects of pollutants in the marine ec- ological environment, in the last 40 years, there have occurred about 3200 oil spill accidents in China. The remote sensing monitoring of ocean oil spill is the main optical and radar satel- lites, which generally exhibit shortcoming that a long revisited period, however oil spills of- ten result in immediate and long-term serious environmental pollution, and it need to rapidly and accurately monitor oil spill conditions. Global Navigation Satellite System reflected sig- nals （GNSS-R） technology has the characteristic of all-weather availability, hence, it is more suitable for the detection of oil spills. To assess the feasibility of the GNSS-R simulation in detecting the oil slicks, the GNSS-R coastal simulated experiment was performed on the oil slick distribution of an oil spill accident, which occurred in Qingdao, China, 2013. In this paper, the Delay-Doppler Map （DDM） is conducted by combining the Mean-Square Slope （MSS） model for oil slicked/clean surfaces and the Zavorotny-Voronovich （Z-V） scattering model, which can reflect the characteristics of the GNSS scattering signals of the sea surface condition. The simulation results show that oil slicks are clearly distinguishable from the De- lay-Doppler Map, and therefore it can verify the feasibility of oil slicks detection by using GNSS-R technology.