中文摘要：

为了获得农林废弃物油茶果壳制备活性炭的新方法,以磷酸为活化剂,微波内热方式进行炭化-活化一步法制备油茶果壳基活性炭的研究,考察了原料粒度、浸渍比、磷酸浓度、微波时间、微波功率和浸渍时间对活性炭碘吸附性能的影响,并以自制油茶果壳基活性炭为吸附剂进行了茶油毛油脱色。结果表明,油茶果壳基活性炭制备的适宜条件为：原料粒度0.25～0.38 mm,浸渍比1∶2,磷酸浓度60 wt%,微波时间18 min,微波功率700 W,浸渍时间20 h,在最适宜条件下所得活性炭的比表面积为1 169.69 m2/g,脱色茶油的色泽为罗维朋色号黄（Y）11和红（R）1.0,符合国标油茶籽油GB/T 11765-2003对一级油品的色泽技术要求。研究结果可为油茶主副产业链的综合利用提供理论依据。

英文摘要：

In order to obtain a new method to prepare activated carbon from agricultural and wood wastes, such as Camellia oleifera shell, the study for preparation of activated carbons were carried out by one-step carbonization-activation with H3PO4 under microwave radiation. The effects of parti- cle size of raw material, impregnation ratio, H3 PO4 solution concentration, microwave radiation time, microwave power and impregnation time on the adsorption properties of iodine of activated car- bon were investigated. And the decoloration of oleifera oil was tested with the activated carbon ob- tained as adsorbent. The optimal conditions obtained were particle size of raw material in 0. 25 - 0.38 mm, impregnation ratio 1：2, H3 PO4 solution Concentration of 60 wt% , microwave radiation time of 18 min, microwave power at 700 W and impregnation time in 20 h. The specific surface area of activated carbon prepared in the optimal condition was 1 169.69 m^2/g. The colour of the bleached oil was Lovibond yellow （Y） 11 and red （R） 1.0, which was meets the requirement of the first-graded of GB/T 11765-2003. The result could enriches the knowledge for comprehensive u- tilization of the lord vice industry chain of Camellia oleifera.