中文摘要：

支气管扩张是慢性气道损伤引起支气管管壁肌肉和弹力支撑组织破坏所导致的一组支气管不可逆性扩张.其发病率在3.9/10万到52/10万左右,不发达国家发病率相对较高.在我国,支气管扩张被当做气道的一般化脓性炎症来治疗,但其病因、发病机制、针对性的治疗手段均研究甚少.文中结合目前的文献及2010年英国胸科学会的支气管扩张诊治指南,对非囊性纤维化性支气管扩张的诊治最新进展作简要述评。

英文摘要：

Bronchiectasis is a kind of irreversible bronchial dilation,which is caused by damage of bronchial wall muscle and elastic supporting tissue induced by chronic airway destruction.The worldwide incidence rate of bronchiectasis is 3.9/100 000 to 52/100 000,and the incidence rate in the developing country is relatively higher.In China,bronchiectasis is usually treated as purulent inflammation of the airway.However the studies on etiology,pathogenesis and targeted therapeutic method of bronchiectasis were limited.In this review,we studied current literature on bronchiectasis and combined with the diagnosis and treatment guideline for bronchiectasis from the British Thoracic Society in 2010 to briefly introduce the latest progress on the diagnosis and treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.