中文摘要：

针对动车组受电弓环氧树脂车顶绝缘子放电产生电痕,致使绝缘性能下降的问题,基于ANSYS建立了车顶绝缘子沿面放电的非线性电热耦合瞬态模型。仿真结果表明：以温升来表征电痕程度,对局部电痕,耐电痕能力从低到高依次为护套表面、伞裙上表面、伞裙下表面;闪络时,伞裙边沿温度最高,耐电痕能力最低,伞裙根部温度最低,耐电痕能力最高;产生电痕的时间不同,其中伞裙上表面0.14 s,护套表面0.20 s,伞裙下表面0.55 s;电痕程度随时间而呈非线性变化,电蚀深度随时间而线性增加,电蚀宽度与时间的关系可用双指数函数来表征,趋势为先快后慢,最后趋于不变。研究结果揭示了受电弓环氧树脂车顶绝缘子不同部位的耐电痕能力与电痕侵蚀的规律,可为保障高速动车组的安全运行提供理论支持。

英文摘要：

In order to solve the serious decline in resistance to tracking performance of epoxy roof insulator under discharge on EMU, on the basis of ANSYS, we establish a three-dimensional nonlinear transient electric and thermal coupling model of pantograph roof insulator in which discharge occurs along surface. Simulation results show that the tracking degree is characterized by temperature rise. When the insulator produces partial tracking, capabilities of resistance to tracking from low to high are the jacket surface, the up sheds surface, and the down sheds surface. When the flashover occurs on insulator, the maximum temperature is on the sheds edge and resistance to tracking capability the lowest, and the minimum temperature is on the sheds root, and resistance to tracking capability is the highest. The time of generating tracking is different, for example,time on shed surface is 0.14 s, jacket surface is 0.20 s, and shed down surface is 0.55 s. After generating tracking, the tracking has a nonlinear relationship with time. Eroded depth increases linearly. However, a double-exponential function can be used to represent the eroded width, which is slowed down and finally tends straight. Research results show the abilities of resistance to tracking and regularity of erosion on the different parts of epoxy roof insulator, which can provide the theoretical support to the safe operation of EMU.