中文摘要：

由于不能移动，植物只能被动地应对昼夜温度和四季气温的改变．为了适应环境温度的变化，植物进化出复杂的遗传和表观遗传机制去感知周围温度的变化并随之调整生长发育．全球气候变暖对农作物的生产造成了严重威胁，因此研究植物响应高温胁迫的机制迫在眉睫．DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和小分子RNAs是主要的表观遗传调控机制．这些表观遗传修饰各自分工又密切联系，共同调控植物的抗热性．本文介绍了近年来表观遗传修饰调控植物响应高温胁迫的研究进展．

英文摘要：

Owing to their sessile nature, plants have to passively respond to daily and seasonal temperature changes. Plants have evolved sophisticated genetic and epigenetic regulatory systems to perceive the ambient temperature and adjust the growth and development to survive. Global warming has posed a serious threat to the global food supply. It is of great urgency to investigate the molecular mechanism of heat stress response in plants. DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling and small RNAs are major epigenetic regulation mechanisms. These epigenetic modifications have their own roles and work together in regulating the thermotolerance of plants. In this review, we summarized recent published researches on the epigenetic regulation of heat stress response in plants.