中文摘要：

高山植物长花马先蒿在第四纪发生过大范围的迁移扩张事件，物种迁移路线和方向至今还不是很清楚．根据长花马先蒿叶绿体基因变异的单倍型空间分布格局，基于物种分布模型MXENT和最小成本路径方法，模拟长花马先蒿迁移路线．结果得到两条从青藏高原东南部到高原内部的迁移扩散路线．东喜马拉雅-横断山脉地区的物种种群主要沿着雅鲁藏布江河谷和喜马拉雅山脉北坡低海拔地带向高原西部进行扩张，基于末次间冰期、末次盛冰期两个历史时期的物种分布也证明了种群有向西扩张的趋势．物种迁移路线的识别对青藏高原地区高山植物在第四纪的演化历史和重要物种的保护具有重要意义．

英文摘要：

Pedicularis longiflora experienced extensive populations＇ expansion in Quaternary, but the dispersal corridors were still unclear. According to the distribution patterns of haplotypes based on chloroplast DNA variation, the dispersal routes were predicted using species distribution mo- dels （MXENT） and the least-cost path method. Two possible dispersal routes from the southeastern part of Tibetan Plateau （TP） to interior were identified. The populations of East Himalayas-Heng- duan Mountains region expanded to the western part of TP along with the Yarlung Zangbo River val- ley and the lower altitudes of the north slope of Himalayas. The expansion trend was also proved by SDMs based on two historical periods containing the Last Interglacial and the Last Glacial Maxi- mum. In conclusion, identification of dispersal routes is significant to the evolutionary history of al- pine plants and the protection of special species in TP.