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溶液对斑岩铜矿废石的浸蚀机理及其力学特性

ISSN号：1672-7207
期刊名称：中南大学学报(自然科学版)
时间：2013.1.1
页码：309-314
分类：TF111.3[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]
作者机构：[1]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083, [2]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（50934002,51104011）;教育部创新团队项目（IRT0950）;高等学校博士点新教师基金资助项目（2011000612002）
相关项目：多相多场条件下浸矿体系响应机制及其过程调控

关键词：废石堆浸, 浸蚀机理, 生化损伤, 破裂特征, 力学特性, dump leaching, leaching mechanism, biochemistry erosion, failure pattern, mechanical property

中文摘要：

基于直接作用、间接作用、复合作用3种传统微生物浸矿机制,结合堆浸体系内细菌种类（吸附细菌、游离细菌）、废石结构、Fe3＋迁移特征,提出直接间接作用和间接接触间接作用微生物浸蚀机制,探讨浸出过程废石力学损伤机理;将溶液对废石的生化侵蚀划分为溶蚀、沉淀胶结、结晶膨胀3个阶段,分析不同阶段废石力学性质的变化趋势。研究结果表明：废石在酸性溶液中浸泡45 d后的破裂裂纹比未浸泡、浸泡15 d、浸泡30 d的废石要复杂、曲折;浸泡45 d后,废石黏聚力降低87.7%,废石破坏时的剪应力和正应力均降低一半;浸泡后废石表面铜矿物等物质被溶解,表面微裂隙及孔洞得到进一步发育和扩展。

英文摘要：

Interaction between bacteria and rock was divided into three traditional mechanisms, i.e direct, indirect and combined bioleaching. Two new mechanisms, i.e direct-indirect and indirect-contact indirect bioleaching were put forward by analysizing the bacterium category （attached and non-attached）, rock inner structure and transportation of Fe3＋ Damnification of the rock mechanical properties during bioleaching was investigated. The evolution of the mechanical properties in different stages was analyzed. Experiment was conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of the attacked rock. The results show that dissolution, cementation of precipitation and crystal swell are the main stages during the leaching process, breaking cracks of the rock immersed by acid solution for 45 d are more complicated and twisted than the unattacked rock and attacked for 15 d and 30 d. Moreover, the rock cohesion decreases by 87.7% after being attacked for 45 d, and both normal and shear strength of the rock decreases by 50%. The copper minerals are dissolved by the acid solution, and fractures and cracks of the leached rock are developed deeply.