中文摘要：

采用聚四氟乙烯膜,以真空膜蒸馏过程为例,通过在膜的两侧放置形状不同的电极,并使渗透侧的场强大于原料侧的场强,建立不对称静电场强化膜蒸馏过程,使极性分子水在电场梯度力的作用下,加速向渗透侧迁移,从而提高水分子的渗透通量.结果表明,在相同实验条件下,附加不对称静电场的强化过程较传统的膜蒸馏过程的水渗透通量有很大幅度提高,在电压梯度为170kV/m的针板电场中,水通量提高率可达50%.还探讨了不对称静电场强化膜蒸馏过程在脱盐、染料废水处理以及热敏性药物浓缩领域的应用.结果表明,不对称静电场可以同时提高水通量和分离性能.

英文摘要：

A vacuum membrane distillation process was enhanced by an asymmetric electric field.The field was established by applying two electrodes with different configurations across a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane,and the field intensity increased along the direction of permeation.Polar molecule water experienced an electric gradient force,resulting in a higher flux than that achieved by the conventional process.The results show that the water flux was increased by 50% at a needle-plate electric field wtih a voltage gradient of 170kV/min.The asymmetric electric field enhanced membrane distillation process was used in desalination,treatment of dye wastewater and concentration of heat sensitive materials,and can improve the water flux and separation performance at the same time.