中文摘要：

为了探讨冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟幼虫的生存策略差异及与寄主红松化学防御的相互关系,研究1,3,5龄冷杉梢斑螟、赤松梢斑螟幼虫中肠解毒酶、保护酶的活性,同时分析相应生长发育期红松健康、受害球果及主梢内多种防御酶的活性。结果表明：健康红松球果及主梢中多酚氧化酶（PPO）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性变化与其生长发育时期有关。梢斑螟幼虫的取食可诱导红松球果及主梢内5种防御酶活性显著提高,寄主不同部位防御酶的活性变化与该龄期幼虫取食有关。不同生存策略的2种梢斑螟幼虫体内解毒酶、保护酶活性有差异。冷杉梢斑螟幼虫专食红松球果,其体内谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）、羧酸酯酶（CarE）、多功能氧化酶（MFO）显著高于果梢间转移为害的赤松梢斑螟。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和几丁质酶（CT）的活性与梢斑螟幼虫是否转移为害无相关性。赤松梢斑螟幼虫体内酚氧化酶（PO）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性高于冷杉梢斑螟,表明这2种活性较高的保护酶,能够降低其在转移为害过程中面临的死亡威胁。冷杉梢斑螟幼虫主要通过生理解毒,而赤松梢斑螟则以生理解毒和改变取食范围相结合的方式,适应寄主植物的化学防御。植物化学在2种害虫的生存演化中起着重要作用。

英文摘要：

Dioryetria abietella and D. sylvestrella are close relative species in the same genus, and both endanger cones of Pinus koraiensis concomitantly, but their biological and ecological behaviors are quite different. To investigate the interactions between the host P. koraiensis chemical defense and physiological adaptation of the two D. species, we analyzed the larvae midgut detoxication enzymes and protective enzymes activities in 1 th, 3rd, 5th instars, and the defense enzymes in healthy, fed pine cones or top shoots at the corresponding period. The results showed that phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL）, polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） activities in healthy cones and shoots were changed with the development stage. The two D. larvae feeding induced those defense enzymes activities significantly increased compared with healthy cones or tips. Detoxication enzymes and protective enzymes in the two D. species, which have different survival strategies, were quite different. D. abietella specifically fed on cone through larval stage, and their detoxication enzymes, S-transferase （ GST）, carboxylesterase （CarE）, multi-function oxidase （MFO） in midgut were significantly higher than D. sylvestrella larvae that alternatively fed on cones and tips. There were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase （SOD） and chitinase （CT） activities in D. abieteUa and D. sylvestrella midgus, and the two protective enzymes activities were not related to whether transferred feeding. Phenoloxidase （PO） and peroxidase （POD） in D. sylvestrella midguts had higher activity compared with D. abietella, suggesting that the higher activity could facilitate them to avoid the threat of the transfer process. The results indicated that the physiological detoxification was the predominant survival strategies for D. abietella larvae to adapt to chemical defense of host plant, whereas D. sylvestrella larvae survived not only by carrying out the phy