中文摘要：

依靠质谱技术的蛋白质组学快速发展,寻求速度快、重复性好以及准确度高的定量方法是该领域的一项艰巨任务,定量蛋白质组学分支领域应运而生.其中,无标记定量方法以其样品制备简单、耗材费用低廉以及结果数据分析便捷等优点渐露锋芒.无标记定量方法通常分为信号强度法和谱图计数法两大类.本文在这两种无标记定量方法计算原理的基础上,针对各种常用的无标记定量方法及最新进展做一个较为全面的介绍,并将详细讨论两类方法的异同点,以及目前蛋白质组学中无标记定量方法所面临的主要挑战,希望能为这一领域的研究人员在选择无标记定量方法时提供一个合理的参考.

英文摘要：

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has developed rapidly, finding a method of quick, highly reproducible and accurate quantification is a great challenge in this research sphere. Quantitative proteomics as a new branch allows deeper insight into biological study. Recently, label-free quantification has been increasingly attractive for its simple sample preparation, low cost of reagents and clean results. Mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics is generally divided into two categories, which are based on peptide chromatographic ion intensity and based on spectral counts. This review gives a general principle of these two label-free methods, presents a relatively complete summary of some commonly used label-free quantitative methods and their latest progress, and discusses the differences between the two methods and some challenges for label-free methods. We wish this review could provide a rational introduction of selecting label-free methods optimally suited to address your specific issue.