中文摘要：

为了模拟地质体中油气生成的过程,了解煤系烃源岩成烃热演化特征及其产物的地球化学特征,对北皂煤矿演化程度较低的煤岩进行了（250～600）℃的10个温阶的加水热模拟实验.对原样和热模拟残余物进行油气生成模拟实验和岩石有机碳、镜质体反射率（Ro）、氯仿沥青“A”、族组分和饱和烃气相色谱等生油岩地化分析测定,对反应产物进行了天然气气体组分分析.结果表明煤系烃源岩在不同热演化阶段表现出的地质地球化学特征具有相当大的差异：在有机质热降解—热裂解阶段,温度较低时（＜ 325℃）,镜质组反射率增长幅度并不太大,通常Ro＜1.0％,TOC＜ 75％,氯仿沥青“A”逐渐增大.随着温度的升高,热演化进程相对加快,Ro值从0.47％～0.97％迅速增大到1.00％～3.73％,TOC值从64.7％ ～75.1％增大到75.9％～84.5％,而氯仿沥青“A”逐渐下降,从1.46％减小到0.057％.生物标志化合物中,姥鲛烷跟植烷相比一直处于优势,重烃含量也随着温度的升高增多.此项研究对于揭示北皂煤矿煤阶较低的煤系烃源岩在地质体中经历的物理、化学演化过程,各组分的产出特征及变化规律,了解产物的地球化学特征具有重要的意义.

英文摘要：

In order to simulate the process of hydrocarbon generation in geological body, make thermal simula- tion experiments of lower evolution degree coal rocks, from 250 ℃ to 600 ℃, to understand the hydrocarbon genera- tion thermal evolution characteristics and geochemical characteristics of the product. According to the time-tempera- ture compensation principle of chemical reaction rate, make theoil and gas generationsimulation experiment of origi- nal and residues in different temperature thermal simulations, rockorganiccarbon, rock pyrolysis, vitrinite reflec- tance（Ro）, chloroformbitumen “ A”, group composition, saturated hydrocarbon chromatogram and other source rocks geochemical analysis, natural gas composition analysis of samples, finding that there is quite differences be- tween hydrocarbon source rocks in geochemical characteristics of different thermal simulation stages. In the organic thermal degradation and thermal cracking stage, at lower temperature （ 〈 325 ℃ ）,, the growth of vitrinite reflec- tance is not too high, usually Ro 〈 0. 9%, TOC 〈 75%. Chloroformbitumen “A” increases gradually. With the in- crease of temperature, thermal evolution process speeds up relatively, vitrinite reflectance increases sharply, from 0. 47% -0. 97% to 1. 00% -3. 73%, TOC increases from 64.7% ～75. 1% to 75.9% -84.5%, chloroform？ bitumen “A” decreases gradually, from 1.46% to 0. 057%. In biomarkers, pristane has been in the advantage, heavy hydrocarbon content increaseswith the increase of the temperature. This study is of great significance to reveal the physical and chemical evolution process of low-rank hydrocarbon source rocks, output characteristics and change rules of each composition and to understand the geochemical characteristics of the product in Beizao Coal Mine.