中文摘要：

介绍了石墨的分类和性质以及对石墨电极的研究，其研究进程可分为普通石墨电极、石墨复合电极、膨胀石墨电极。膨胀石墨是由鳞片石墨制成可膨胀石墨，再将可膨胀石墨进行膨化处理而制得的。膨胀石墨用途广泛，可以应用于化工、环保、医疗、能源以及冶金等领域，作为电极是膨胀石墨的重要用途之一。由于膨胀石墨有较高的比表面积，内部为网络状的孔隙结构，因此膨胀石墨作为电极应用在某些领域其性能要高于普通石墨电极，尤其是在有气体参加的反应。

英文摘要：

In this paper the classification and characteristics of graphite, and the research progress of graphite electrode are introduced. The research processes of graphite electrode include the ordinary graphite electrode, the composite graphite electrode and the expanded graphite electrode. Now there is a widespread concern of expanded graphite due to its excellent characteristics. Researchers paid more attention to its preparation and application. The expanded graphite is usually prepared from crystalline flake graphite to expandable graphite, and then expandable graphite is treated by expansion. We can apply the expanded graphite in different fields, such as chemical engineering, environment protection, medical treatment, energy, metallurgy and others. The expanded graphite electrode, as one of the most important applications, for its high specific surface area and internal pore structure of mesoporous and macroporous based network, has a lot of advantages over ordinary graphite electrode in some fields, expecially in gas reactions. However, there are few researches concerned on the expanded graphite electrode.