中文摘要：

【目的】研究不同矿石组成对微生物群落结构的影响。【方法】选取包头泉山金矿的酸性矿坑水（Acid mine drainage，AMD）对4种不同组成的矿石样品进行浸矿，采用16S rRNA-PCR和RFLP相结合的方法，研究浸矿前后浸矿微生物种群优势度的变化情况。【结果】所选取的3个酸性矿坑水考查点之间浸矿微生物的种类及数量相似度较大，浸矿微生物结构相对变化度不大。H71和F11相对其他两个样品的群落结构差异较大，而J72和S71几乎一样，说明在钾长型和石英型矿石的选择压力下，浸矿微生物的被选择趋势是大致相同的。【结论】浸矿前后样品中浸矿微生物的系统发育分析结果表明，所考查的克隆子的序列可分为两大分支：Acidithiobacillus菌属和一个相对独立的菌属，且这两个分支内部菌株之间的发育距离较近。

英文摘要：

[Objective] Influence on bacterial communities of different ore composition. [Methods] The change of acidic microbial community dominance before and after leaching ore were investigated by using 16S rRNA-RFLP methods. [Results] AMD of three sampling points are the independent Acidithiobacillus bacteria genera of microbes, which accounts for about half the number of tested strains, three sample points between ore leaching microbial species and quantity larger similarity. Meantime, we use the AMD to bioleaching ore, the result of microbial community of four ore samples indicated that H71 and F11 community structure difference are bigger, J72 and S71 are almost the same. [Conclusion] The test sequences can be divided into two branches： Acidithiobacillus bacteria genera and relatively independent bacteria genera.