中文摘要：

目的了解中国城镇居民自我药疗行为态度。方法根据Fishbein态度模型设计问卷，采取分层随机抽样方法，对抽取的居民进行现场问卷调查。结果居民自我药疗行为态度得分最大值48，最小值-24，平均为（12．26±10．627）在婚、男性、有城镇职工基本医疗保险、东部地区居民得分分别为（12．85±10．799），（12．71±10．59），（13．03±10．89），（13．49±10．39）分，显著高于非在婚、女性、无医保及中、西部地区居民（P〈0．05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，自变量年龄组、受教育程度、自我药疗病情好转（痊愈）与否、自我药疗效果满意度、居民药疗自我效能进入回归方程。结论在婚、男性、有城镇职工基本医疗保险、东部地区居民自我药疗行为倾向（意向）要高于非在婚、女性、无医保及中、西部地区居民。自我药疗病情好转（痊愈）与否、自我药疗效果满意度、居民药疗自我效能是居民自我药疗态度的主要影响因素。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the attitude towards self - medication in Chinese urban residents. Methods Questionnaire was designed according Fishbein model and the survey was conducted among the residents selected by stratified random sampling method. Results The maximum score was 48, the minimum was 24, the arithmetic mean was 12.26, and the standard deviation was 10. 627. The score of the residents married, the male, the residents with medicare, the residents in the east of China was 12.85 ± 10. 799, 12.71 ± 10.59, 13.03 ± 10.89, 13.49 ± 10.39, respectively, which were higher significantly than the score of the residents of unmarried, the female, the residents without medicare, the residents in the middle and west area of China（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The result of multiple linear regression showed that the independent variables such as age group, education degree, the heal or getting better of the illness after the self - medication, the satisfaction degree of the self - medication, the efficacy of the self - medication were included in the regression equation. Conclusion The residents married, the male, the residents with medicare, the residents in the east of China inclined to self - medication more than the others. The key influencing factors of the attitude towards self - medication are the heal or getting better of the illness after the self - medication, the satisfaction degree of self- medication and the efficacy of the self- medication.