中文摘要：

松树枯萎病的发生和流行给东亚的日本、中国和韩国带来了不小的损失,引起许多国家的重视.本文应用实地观测和气象数据分析等方法,研究了东亚地区松树枯萎病的发生和流行特点,以及与灾害气象事件之间的关系.结果表明：在日本、中国和韩国,持续的夏季干旱少雨和强台风等极端气象事件能够诱发松树枯萎.在极端干热的环境中,松树常出现能量代谢失调,以至于受胁迫的松树整株枯萎;而在低温多雨的年份,松树枯萎少,甚至没有发生枯死现象.在松材线虫及其媒介昆虫侵染之前,松树的活力业已下降.松树枯萎病似乎应该局限在台风频发和持续干热的地区.在自然环境优越、少有台风和干热事件出现且没有不当扩大松树栽培范围的地区,松树枯萎病大面积发生的可能性不大.

英文摘要：

The occurrence and prevalence of pine wilt disease cause huge losses to Japan, China, and South Korea in East Asia, and have received concerns from many countries. By the methods of field observation and meteorological data analysis, this paper studied the characteristics of the oc- currence and prevalence of pine wilt disease and their relations to the meteorological disaster events. In Japan, China and South Korea, the meteorological extreme events of persistent summer drought and strong typhoon could trigger the occurrence of pine wilt. In extremely dry and hot envi- ronment, pine trees often appeared energy metabolism imbalance and entire tree wilt. However, in the years with lower temperature and more rainfall, less or nearly no pine wilt event occurred. It was suggested that before the attack by pine wood nematode and its vectors, the vigor of the pines had already declined, and thus, pine wilt disease could be confined in the areas often hit by sum- mer drought and strong typhoon events. In the areas with suitable natural environment characterized by less summer drought and strong typhoon events and no improperly enlarged pine planting, there would be little possibility of widespread occurrence of pine wilt disease.