中文摘要：

氨基糖苷类抗生素在治疗鲍曼不动杆菌引起的感染中起着重要的作用。而鲍曼不动杆菌对该类抗生素的耐药机制主要包括产氨基糖苷修饰酶，外膜孔蛋白表达缺失，药物外排泵的表达和核糖体结合位点的改变等。质粒介导的16SrRNA甲基化酶是近年在多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌中发现的一种新的耐药机制，叮导致对氨基糖苷类抗生素的高水平耐药。本文就细菌rRNA的修饰作用、16SrRNA甲基化酶的发现、耐药与传播机制、耐药菌的流行、多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌16SrRNA甲基化酶基因的研究进展等方面作一综述。

英文摘要：

Aminoglycoside antibiotics play an important role in the treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter baurnannii. The mechanisms of resistance to this class of antibiotics include mainly the production of aminoglycoside--modifying enzymes, the lack or reduction of expression of certain outer membrane proteins, the increased expression of active drug effiux pumps and the alterations of the ribosome-binding sites. The involvement of 16S rRNA methylation enzymes encoded by plasmids belongs to a newly-identified drug resistance mechanism frequently observed in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in recent years and this often leads to high levels of aminoglycoside resistance. This review focuses on the research progress in 16S rRNA methylation enzymes of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii such as the diversity of these enzymes and their role in aminoglycoside resistance.