中文摘要：

目的：分析秦岭地区野生华中五味子的遗传多样性。方法：应用SSR分子标记进行遗传多样性分析。结果：9对SSR引物共检测到61条条带，每对引物扩增出5～11条，平均每对引物可扩增出6．8条，多态性比率为86．88％。遗传分化系数（Gst）为0．3524，表明秦岭地区华中五味子遗传变异主要存在于居群内，基因流（Nm）为1．1850，说明居群间存在一定基因流。通过遗传多样性参数比较，洋县居群遗传多样性最高。聚类分析可划分为2大类，第1类包括平利县、山阳县和宁强县居群；第Ⅱ类包括太白县和洋县居群。结论：秦岭地区华中五味子遗传多样性丰富，应优先选择陕西汉中市、宝鸡市和商洛市地区华中五味子居群实行就地保护与扩繁，以保证野生华中五味子可持续发展和利用。

英文摘要：

Objective：To analyse the genetic diversity of wild Schisandra sphenanthera in Qinling Mountains. Methods：The genetic diversity of wild S. sphenanthera was investigated by SSR （ Simple Sequences Repeats） markers. Results ： Nine pair primers generated a total of 61 bands 53 of which were polymorphic, and 6. 8 genotypes were detected by each SSR primer pair on an average ranging from 5 to 11. The percentage of polymorphic band was 86. 88 %. The coefficient of genetic differentiation （ G~, = 0. 3524） showed great genet- ic variation occurred within populations. Gene flow （Nm ） was 1. 1850, which showed that gene flow occurred among populations. The highest genetic diversity of five populations was Yangxian population. And cluster analysis was based on genetic similarity coeffi- cient. The five populations of wild S. sphenanthera samples were classified into two large groups, group I included Pingli population, Shanyang population and Ningqiang population; Group II included Taibai population and Yangxian population. Conclusion ： The S. sphenanthera in Qinling Mountains, especially the regions of Hanzhong, Baoji and Shangluo in Shaanxi province, reveals high genetic di- versity, which benefits the breeding of new varieties. It is necessary to protect the resource and ensure the sustainable development and utilization of it.