中文摘要：

为开发盐湖生态放线菌资源,应用16S rRNA基因文库构建和序列的系统发育分析对罗布泊盐湖沉积物中放线菌的群落结构进行了研究.结果显示罗布泊盐湖放线菌群落组成丰富,共获得Ilumatobacter、Saccharopolyspora、Streptomyces、Actinopolyspora、Kocuria、Streptomonospora、Streptosporangium、Amycolatopsis、Isoptericola、Nocardiopsis、Dietzia和Glycomyces共12个属的放线菌;罗布泊盐湖中存在有大量放线菌新类群,58.82%克隆的序列与有效命名的菌株同源性≤97%,其中36.78%的序列与有效命名的菌株的同源性低于90%而无法归入任何一个属,预示着可能是一些科一级或更高的新的放线菌分类单元.罗布泊放线菌群落中占优势的菌群为Glycomyces（20.10%）、Dietzia（16.13%）、Isoptericola（10.30%）和Nocardiopsis（5.88%）,而不是链霉菌Streptomyces（1.47%）.研究表明盐湖生态存在丰富的放线菌资源和新类群,从而为其开发提供了理论数据.

英文摘要：

To explore and exploit actinomycetes from salt lake ecosystem, actinobacterial community structure in a sediment sample from Lop Nur Salt Lake in Xinjiang was investigated with 16S rRNA gene library, The results showed that the retrieved clones belonged to 12 genera in the Acidimicrobidae, Acidimicrobidae and Nitriliruptoride, namely llumatobacter, Saccharopolyspora, Streptornyces, Actinopolyspora, Kocuria, Streptomonospora, Streptosporangium, Amycolatopsis, Isoptericola, Nocardiopsis, Dietzia and Glycomyces. In addition, abundant novel actinobacterial 16S rRNA sequences were detected in the salt lake sediment. We found 58.82% clone sequences exhibited low similarity （〈 97.0%） to other species of the Acidimicrobidae, indicating novel actinobacteria taxa. Some of the clones （36.78%） exhibited lower similarity （〈 90.0%） among Phylum Actinobacteria which may represent some new suborder or new class. The most abundant and diverse clones were the Glycomyces （20.10%）, Dietzia （16.13%）, Isoptericola （10.30%） and Nocardiopsis （5.88%）, respectively, not the universal Streptornyces （1.47%）. These findings provided data for resource exploitation. Fig 3, Tab 3, Ref 23