中文摘要：

利用新一代高通量测序技术,对猕猴桃雌花和雄花中表达的小RNA进行了测序,分别得到雌花18 408 610条序列和雄花11 191 469条序列。通过生物信息学分析,共鉴定和预测得到39个保守mi RNA家族和400个新的mi RNA家族,其中有170个mi RNA家族在雌、雄花样品间显著差异表达。对差异表达mi RNA进行靶基因的预测及注释,结果显示,靶基因产物具有包含核苷三磷酸水解酶的磷酸环结构域的mi RNA数量最多。在猕猴桃25号连锁群（Chr25）上共预测得到3个mi RNA,其中novel-ach-mi R362的靶基因Achn298021可能与猕猴桃花的性别发育有关。

英文摘要：

The miRNAs in female and male flowers of kiwifruit were sequenced by next-generation sequencing,and received 18 408 610 and 11 191 469 reads,respectively. Using bioinformatics methods,39 conserved and 400 novel mi RNA families including 170 mi RNA families that were differently expressed between the two samples were identified. Targets prediction and annotation of identified mi RNAs revealed the most enrichment of P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase domain in Inter Pro terms. Three mi RNAs were predicted to be located on the kiwifruit sex chromosome（Chr25）,among which,target gene Achn298021 of novel-ach-mi R362 was predicted to be related to flower development,and should be drawn special attention in future study.