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中文摘要：
为了在有限保障经费下,提高多等级保障体制中的装备可用度,对备件随机类型需求的产生、传递机理进行分析,得出各站点对每种备件的需求;对于可以分解为多个层级、由多种类型部件构成的装备,给出了其可用度的计算模型;分析了库存数量对期望短缺数、装备可用度等指标的影响,利用边际效应对备件在各个保障站点的分配方案进行优化,得出备件在各个站点的最优库存数量;设计了优化算法得出了装备保障的费效曲线,并用实例进行分析,所得结果与成熟商用软件的差距较小,表明模型与算法是实用可行的。
英文摘要：
In the multi-level supporting organization,the inventory policy of spare parts influences the availability of the equipments by much.Firstly,a model is given out to calculate the random demand rate of different types of the units in the equipment,then the method of calculating the availability of the multi-echelon equipments is proposed;Secondly the characteristics of the stock for the stochastic demanding items is analyzed,then the expected backorders（EBOs） is calculated,based on which the annual support cost and effect are calculated.The marginal effect is applied to obtain the cost-effect.An example is given at the end.
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