中文摘要：

采用生物高分子明胶为氮源,与间苯二酚和甲醛共聚,由共聚物热解制得三维网状含氮多孔炭,并考察其作为超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,明胶通过共聚反应连接到酚醛树脂骨架中,由于其能降低反应体系的界面能,改变了聚合物的形貌,所得炭材料具有由较小颗粒交联而成的三维网状结构;改变明胶掺入量,多孔炭的氮含量可从1.04%增加至2.03%;由于氮掺杂作用,将其用作超级电容器电极材料,其电容值较单纯酚醛聚合体系得到的炭样品增加一倍,由76 F·g-1增至149 F·g-1,且电容值随着氮含量的增加而增加;当氮含量增至2.03%时,受其比表面积限制,其电容值不再增加,经水活化,材料比表面积达1 174 m2·g-1,氮含量为1.51%,其电容值达228 F·g-1。

英文摘要：

Nitrogen-doped porous carbons（ NPCs） with a three-dimensional network structure were prepared by the direct pyrolysis of resorcinol-gelatin-formaldehyde co-polymers,in which the biomacromolecule,gelatin acted as a nitrogen precursor. Their electrochemical properties as the electrodes of supercapacitors were evaluated with a three-electrode system. Since gelatin can affect the interfacial energy of the reaction liquid,the morphology of the co-polymers was changed into a three-dimensional framework consisting of small spheres. The nitrogen content of the NPCs increases from 1. 04 to 2. 03 wt% with the mass ratio of gelatin to resorcinol from 0. 1 to 0. 4. Their specific capacitance increases to 149 F·g~（-1）with increasing nitrogen content and levels off when the nitrogen content is above 1. 46%. After activation with water,the NPC has a high specific capacitance of 228 F·g~（-1）,and a specific surface area and nitrogen content of 1 174 m~2·g~（-1）and 1. 51 wt%,respectively.