中文摘要：

利用NOAA卫星夜间第五通道红外影像和数字高程资料,以青藏高原北部的东昆仑断裂、阿尔金断裂和祁连山-海原断裂为例,定量分析了在地震活动相对平静的年份内活动断裂的地形地貌差异与红外辐射的动态变化.研究结果表明,断裂两盘的垂直升降差异是导致活动断裂红外亮温差异的主要原因,地形与红外亮温保持了良好的负相关性,并且这种负相关性与气温垂直递减率基本统一,这说明提取震前红外辐射异常时首先应考虑剔除区域气候的影响.此外断裂两侧的岩性差异、水系分布以及人文环境等地形地貌因素对断裂带的红外亮温也产生一定作用.对活动断裂进行红外辐射亮温年变形态的研究,能为有效提取震前红外辐射异常积累一些有意义的经验和认识.

英文摘要：

By using the CH5 infrared （IR） night-time thermal images of the NOAA satellite and the digital elevation models （DEM）, this thesis studies the dynamic change of the IR brightness temperature on the active faults in the years without major earthquake. Taking several examples of the eastern Kunlun fault, the Ahyn fault and the Qiliansha Haiyuan fault which are seated on the northern of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, the results show that topography has a dominate control on the yearly change of IR brightness temperature on the both sides of the faults, of which the IR brightness temperature are well negatively correlated with elevation variations, and the negative correlation comply with the vertical lapse rate of the temperature basically. Besides of this, rock differences, distribution of water and frequent human activity have also effect on the both sides of faults. It is of great importance to study the IR radiation brightness temperature seasonal changes on fault, it would provide some reference and help for the effects of earthquake prediction by means of satellite remote sensing IR technique.