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中文摘要：
microRNA（miRNA）是一类长约22nt的非编码RNA，能通过与靶mRNA3，UTR结合而调控基因表达．动物体内的miRNA介导了一种新的基因表达调控模式，可在基因转录后水平负调控靶mRNA的转录或翻译．动物体内至少将近30％的基因表达受miRNA调节．随着对miRNA功能研究的逐渐深入，发现转录因子（transcription factor，TF）和剪接因子（splicing factor，SF）这两种基因表达的重要调节因子与miRNA之间存在着直接或间接的相互调控作用，为人们了解miRNA参与的复杂基因调控网络提供了新内容，同时也可为miRNA相关疾病的治疗提供重要线索．
英文摘要：
microRNAs （miRNA）, a class of recently discovered small RNA consisted of 22 nucleotides, can regulate gene expression by binding to 3＇-UTR of target mRNAs, miRNA can negatively regulate the expression of target mRNA at post-transcription and translation level. It is speculated that nearly 30% of the animal genes are regulated by miRNA. Along with the functional studies of miRNA, it is reported that the two important gene expression regulation factors transcription factors and splicing factors have direct and/or indirect relationships with miRNA. The relationship between miRNA, transcription factors and splicing factors will provide a new insight ofmiRNA in understanding miRNA＇ s function and new clues for therapeutical application.
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