中文摘要：

针对龟裂碱地土质坚硬、渗透性差和改良利用难等问题，该文研究水盐调控措施对宁夏龟裂碱土改良效果及种植油葵的产量影响。在统一施用脱硫石膏28t／hm2、糠醛渣22．5t／hm2和淋洗定额4500m2／hm2的基础上，通过3a的田间对比试验，研究了添加黄沙、深松、土槽、黄沙＋深松、黄沙＋土槽、深松＋土槽和黄沙＋深松＋土槽7个不同处理对龟裂碱土的土壤理化性能及种植油葵生长的影响，并与不添加脱硫石膏和糠醛渣只采取淋洗措施（淋洗定额4500m2／hm2，CK）的改良效果进行比较。试验结果表明：在黄沙＋深松＋土槽的条件下，第1年土壤0～40cm的pH值、电导率及碱化度比CKpH值、电导率和碱化度分别下降了22％、95％和71％，第3年分别下降了36．6％、98．2％和88．7％；0-40cm土层的渗透率、pH值、电导率和碱化度降低程度：黄沙＋深松＋土槽〉深松＋土槽〉黄沙＋深松〉深松〉黄沙＋土槽〉土槽〉黄沙，各处理与CK相比效果显著（P〈0．01）。黄沙＋深松＋土槽处理的油葵产量比深松＋土槽、黄沙＋深松、黄沙＋土槽、深松、土槽和黄沙处理分别增加16％、19％、15％、28％、20％和21％。综上，黄沙＋深松＋土槽措施可显著改良龟裂碱土，为龟裂碱地荒地开发利用水盐调控提供高效的技术支撑和可持续发展具有指导意义。

英文摘要：

Takyric solonetz, a typical subclass of alkali soil, is widely distributed in the north of Yinchuan Plain of Ningxia Province, the west of Hetao Plain and the desert steppe in north Xinjiang in China. Due to the hard soil texture, poor permeability and difficult improvement, takyric solonetz has become the main factor severely affecting the development of local agriculture, and is expected to bring threat to the regional food security in the future. More and more improvement techniques have been developed to achieve a sustainable utilization of saline-alkali waste land, but the effect of the treatment of leaching ＋ gypsum ＋ furfural residue ＋ desert sand ＋ deep scarification ＋ soil bin on soil properties and yield of oil sunflower on newly reclaimed takyric solonetz land remains unknown. In the present study, we conducted a three-year field comparative experiment to investigate the effect of different salt-water regulation modes on soil properties and yield of oil sunflowers, which were planted on newly reclaimed takyric solonetz land on the Qianjin Farmland of Xidatan, Ningxia （106°24′209″ E, 38°50′289″ N）. On the basis of the unified application of desulfurization gypsum of 28 t3/hm2, furfural residue of 22.5 t3/hm2 and leaching water of 4 500 m3/hm2, 7 salt-water regulation measures were applied： desert sand （T1）, deep scarification （T2）, soil bin （T3）, desert sand ＋ deep scarification （T4）, desert sand ＋soil bin （T5）, deep scarification ＋ soil bin （T6）, and desert sand ＋ deep scarification ＋ soil bin （T7）. A flat field only with leaching （4 500 m3/hm2） was used as control （CK）. Soil permeability, pH value, electrical conductivity （EC）, exchangeable sodium saturation percentage （ESP）, salt ions and growth of oil sunflower were monitored during the whole growth season. Results indicated the pH value, EC, ESP and salt ions in 0-40 cm soil layer significantly decreased （P〈0.01） under T7 compared with those under CK, and the pH v