中文摘要：

在阐述乡镇卫生院绩效管理的战略地位的基础上,对我国乡镇卫生院绩效管理的研究进展和现存问题进行了剖析,对国外同级别机构,即初级卫生保健机构绩效管理的现状进行了案例介绍和经验总结,最后提出了下一阶段我国乡镇卫生院绩效管理实践的重点内容与方法,包括以持续改进为管理目标,落实并完善绩效沟通,以及创新绩效管理实施效果评价机制,由此为形成乡镇卫生院长效发展机制和巩固基层医改成果提供了决策依据和参考.

英文摘要：

Having explained the strategic significance of the performance management of township health centers（THCs）, the authors analyzed the advances and challenges in the performance management of THCs in China, conducted case studies of the performance management of primary health care institutions in other countries, and proposed key research areas and techniques of THCs perfor- mance management on the next stage. The suggestions included persisting in continuous performance improvement, implementing and enhancing performance communication, and innovating the appraisal mechanism, which will provide evidence and reference to deci- sion makers on how to establish a sustainable development mechanism for THCs and how to consolidate the achievements of the new health reform.