中文摘要：

作为中高压电力系统的重要保护装置,真空断路器的开断性能与其电弧形态密切相关。本文利用高速摄像机对灭弧室内电弧起弧至熄灭全过程进行数字采集,针对触头开断时电弧形态的变化特点,结合纹理特征提取的方法,计算其灰度共生矩阵。通过对电弧纹理数据的分析,得到时间-熵值拟合曲线。实验表明,利用熵值变化曲线可实现对触头开断过程中电弧形态变化的描述,可为真空电弧的形态诊断及灭弧室的设计研究提供进一步补充和参考。

英文摘要：

The are-shape,from burning to extinguishingin the vacuum breaker, was experimentally characterized in real time with a charge coupled device （CCD） camera. The features of the are shape textures, receded and digitized while the electric contact of vacuum breaker was opening, were processed in Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix （GLCM） method. The time dependent entropy, at different stages, was numerically calculated with software Matlab, plotted,and approximat- ed by polynomial data-fitting. The time evolution of the entropy, in good agreement with the measurement at 50 Hz, has 3 valleys and 2 peaks： ,roughly from 0.7 to 5.4 ms,the entropy rapidly rises up to a steady plateau,because the arc fills the gap; and from 5.4 to 9.2 ms, the entropy slowly drops down to a valley, because of the uniform arc-spreading and de- creased metal vapor. We suggest that the results be of much technological interest in design of the vacuum breakers.