中文摘要：

目的 评价七氟醚麻醉对新生大鼠海马微小RNA（miRNA）表达的影响及相关miRNA的靶基因分析.方法 雄性SD大鼠20只,7日龄,体重12～15 g,采用随机数字表法,将其分为2组（n=10）：对照组（C组）和七氟醚麻醉组（S组）.S组吸入2.3％～2.4％七氟醚4h;C组吸人40％氧气4h,氧流量均为5 L/min,保留自主呼吸.于吸入七氟醚或氧气结束后24 h时,每组取6只大鼠,采集股动脉血样,进行血气分析;每组另取4只大鼠,取海马,用于miRNA微流体芯片分析;选择7个差异性表达的miRNA采用RT-qPCR法进行验证;采用3款软件对miR-214进行靶基因预测,并对靶基因进行GO功能注释和KEGG富集分析.结果 2组动脉血气分析各指标差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;miRNA微流体芯片分析共筛选出53个差异性表达的miRNA,其中29个miRNA表达上调,24个miRNA表达下调（P＜0.01）.RT-qPCR法验证3个miRNA表达上调,4个miRNA表达下调（P＜0.05）,与miRNA微流体芯片分析结果一致.miR-214的靶基因主要富集在与神经元细胞体、神经系统发育等有关的MAPK和Wnt信号通路上.结论 七氟醚麻醉可诱导新生大鼠海马53个miRNA产生差异性表达,这些miRNA可能与七氟醚麻醉诱发发育期神经毒性有关.

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on hippocampal microRNA （miRNA） expression in neonatal rats and analyze the target gene of related miRNA.Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 12-15 g,were equally and randomly divided into either control group （group C） or sevoflurane anesthesia group （group S） using a random number table.Group S inhaled 2.3%-2.4% sevoflurane （fresh gas flow 5 L/min） for 4 h,and group C inhaled 40% oxygen （fresh gas flow 5 L/min） for 4 h.All the rats kept spontaneous breathing.At 24 h after the end of sevoflurane or oxygen inhalation,6 rats in each group were selected,and blood samples were collected from the femoral artery for blood gas analysis;another 4 rats in each group were selected and sacrificed,hippocampi were isolated for miRNA microarray analysis and differentially expressed miRNA screening.Among the differentially expressed miRNAs,7 miRNAs were selected and confirmed by using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Three softwares were used to predict the target gene of miR-214,and the results of gene set were analyzed by using Gene Ontology annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis.Results There was no significant difference in each index of blood gas analysis between the two groups （P〉0.05）.The results of microarray analysis showed that there were 53 differentially expressed miRNAs,among which,there were 29 up-regulated miRNAs and 24 down-regulated miRNAs （P〈0.01）.This result was confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,and there were 3 up-regulated miRNAs and 4 down-regulated miRNAs （P〈0.05）,which was highly consistent with the results of microarray analysis.The target genes of miR-214 were mainly enriched in MAPK and Wnt signaling pathway which was associated with the neuronal cell body and nervous system development.Conclusion Sevoflurane anesthesia can induce 53 differentially expressed