中文摘要：

人工污秽绝缘子的闪络电压、污闪电压梯度和有效爬电系数均与其材质和型式有关。国内虽对污闪特性研究较多，但对不同绝缘子的有效爬电系数研究不多。文中在人工雾室中对五种典型结构的瓷和玻璃绝缘子的污闪特性进行了试验研究。根据试验结果分析和计算了五种典型绝缘子的闪络电压、闪络电压梯度、有效爬电系数。结果表明：在人工污秽试验条件下，不同型式绝缘子的污闪电压有较大差异，盐密对不同型式绝缘子的闪络电压的影响程度也有差异；三伞型绝缘子和玻璃绝缘子具有较高的闪络电压；不同绝缘子的有效爬电系数与其结构型式和材质有关，玻璃绝缘子的有效爬电系数高于瓷绝缘子，且玻璃绝缘子的有效爬电系数随污秽程度的增加而增加，而瓷绝缘子的有效爬电系数随污秽程度的增加而减小。

英文摘要：

AC flashover voltage, voltage gradient along the leakage distance and the valid creepage distance of polluted insulators are related to its materials and configuration. Although the AC flashover performance of a polluted insulator has nationally been studied well, there is few study on the valid creepage distance of various types of insulators. Laboratory investigations on the AC flashover performances of polluted five types of typical porcelain and glass insulators were carried out in the climate chamber. Based on the test results, the AC flashover voltage, the voltage gradient and the valid coefficient of creepage distance of the five types of insulators are analyzed and calculated. It shows that the AC flashover voltages of five types of polluted insulators are different at the artificial pollution test, and that the influence of ρSDD on flashover voltage is different for various type of insulators, furthermore the flashover voltage of three-outer-shed and glass insulators are higher than that of the others. It also indicates that the valid coefficient of creepage distance is related to the materials and configuration of insulators, and the valid coefficient of creepage distance of a glass insulator, which increases with the raising of ρsoo, is higher than that of an porcelain insulator which decreases with the rise of PESDD.