中文摘要：

利用紫外-可见光谱和三维荧光光谱技术,结合平行因子分析法,对环滇池地区土壤中溶解性有机质（dissolved organic matters,DOM）的结构特征和来源进行了研究。结果显示,所有样品的紫外-可见光谱曲线均呈现出相似的特征,吸收系数随着波长的增加而降低,并在250-280nm波段存在一个明显的肩状吸收峰。柴河水库和滇池东部地区土壤DOM的芳香性（A250/A365）、分子量（SR）、腐殖化程度（SUVA254）和所含疏水组分（SUVA260）均高于其他三个区域。三维荧光光谱显示,环滇池土壤DOM中含有紫外可见光区类富里酸峰、可见光区类富里酸峰和两种类腐殖酸峰。荧光指数（fluorescence index,FI）和自生源指标（autochthonous index,BIX）均表明该地区土壤DOM有着典型的陆源特征,且类蛋白成分生成量较少,生物可利用性较低。平行因子分析法（PARAFAC）将土壤DOM分成四个荧光组分,四个组分之间有着非常显著的相关性（p〈0.01）,表示具有同源性。此外,类富里酸荧光组分对DOM的贡献率最大,说明土壤DOM中富里酸物质的含量相对较多。

英文摘要：

Ultraviolet-visible（UV-Vis）and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence（3D-EEM）spectroscopies,combined with parallel factor analysis were conducted to investigate the structure and origin of dissolved organic matters（DOM）from soils around Dianchi lake,Kunming.The results showed that the characteristics of all samples’ UV-Visible spectra were alike.The absorption coefficient of DOM samples decreased gradually with the wavelength increasing.There was an obvious shoulder absorption peak in the 250-280nm band.Additionally,in Chaihe reservoir and the east of Dianchi lake,the aromaticity（A250/A365）,molecular weight（SR）,humification degree（SUVA254）and hydrophobicity（SUVA260）of soil’s DOM were all much higher than those at other three sampling sites.The 3D-EEM spectrum revealed that all DOM samples around Dianchi lake had four special peaks,which were UV fulvic-like fluorescence,visible fulvic-like fluorescence and two humic-like fluorescences.Fluorescence index（FI）and Autochthonous index（BIX）suggested that soil’s DOM were main from the external import and had low protein-like components and bioavailability.Four fluorescence components were identified with parallel factor analysis and showed significant correlation（p〈0.01）,which were illustrated that the four fluorescence components had a similar source.In addition,the contribution rates of fulvic-like fluorescence component was the highest,which suggested that the content of fulvic acid material was relatively higher in soil’s DOM.