中文摘要：

GPSRTK技术在近距离潮位测量中已得到了应用，但因无线电传播距离的局限，难以实施长距离潮住测量。给出了基于GPS载波相住后处理技术（post processing kinematic，PPK）和精密单点定位技术（precise point positioning，PPP）的长距离潮住测量的思想和方法，并通过实验对其进行了验证，取得了良好的效果。

英文摘要：

In conventional GPS RTK tidal level measurement, limited by radio transmitting distance, GPS RTK tidal level measurement can not be used for long-distance and on-the-fly tidal level determination. In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, a new method, which is GPS PPP （precise point positioning） or PPK （post processing kinematic） tidal level measurement, is introduced. Data processing in this method includes attitude correction and transformation of vertical datum. Experimental results show that the method is credible and efficient.