中文摘要：

电力系统运行需要兼顾可靠性与经济性，优化备用配置是其中的关键。随着负荷侧响应技术的发展，可控负荷成为一种重要的备用资源，需要与发电侧备用协同优化。文中在动态经济调度的框架下，提出了基于成本－价值解耦的源－荷备用协同优化方法。优化模型包含负荷侧备用的恢复过程，反映了不同负荷的物理特性；且计及网络约束，避免线路阻塞引起备用失效。设计了解耦算法求解该优化模型，主问题实现备用经济性配置，子问题实现备用可靠性校核。在子问题中，引入不可传输度反映备用价值并形成价值割，之后向主问题返回价值割，迭代求解，协调可靠性与经济性。IEEERTS96单区域系统的仿真结果表明该方法能够高效、灵活地协同优化配置源－荷备用。

英文摘要：

Coordination of reliability and economy is necessary for power system operation, the key of which is the optimal reserve allocation. With the development of demand side management （DSM）, controllable loads become an important reserve resource, which should be cooperatively allocated with the supply-side reserve. In this paper, for dynamic economic dispatch, a method was proposed to cooperatively optimize allocation of supply/demand side reserve by decoupling reserve cost and value. In the model, the recovery process of demand-side reserve was involved to reflect physical characteristics of various load types; while power network constraints were considered to avoid reserve invalidation due to transmission congestion. A decomposition algorithm based on decoupling reserve cost and value was designed to solve the model, in which reserve was economically allocated in the master problem （MP） and corrected by the reliability criterion in the slave problems （SPs）. Non-deliverable degree of reserve was introduced in SPs to reflect reserve value and form value cuts which are returned to MP iteratively to coordinate reliability and economy. Simulation results on IEEE one area RTS-96 demonstrate that the proposed method can cooperatively optimize supply/ demand side reserve in an efficient and flexible way.