中文摘要：

激光全息是制作光子晶体微结构的重要方法，为便于调节参数以提高实验成功率，提出利用CMOS传感器代替传统的记录材料全息干板，将全息干涉形成的微结构实时输入计算机处理。根据多光束干涉原理探讨了实现二维微结构的光束配置和设计原则，结合计算机数值仿真讨论了光束偏振对微结构“原子”形状的影响。进一步设计实验进行验证，结合实时显示技术方便、灵活调节各光束参数，获得了三角晶格和正方晶格两类典型的微结构。实验结果表明，计算机的实时显示技术有助于提高微结构的设计和制作效率。

英文摘要：

Laser holography is an important method for fabricating photonic crystal microstructures .In order to facilitate adjusting beam parameters to improve the success rate of experiment , it is proposed to transfer the formed microstructure to a computer for real-time display and processing by using a CMOS sensor .According to the principle of multi-beam interference , the beam configurations and design princi-ples of the realization of 2D microstructures are explored .Combining with numerical simulations , the in-fluence of the beam polarizations on the shapes of the formed microstructure “atom” is also discussed . Further experiments validate the designs .With the help of the convenient real-time display and flexible adjusting of the beam parameters , two kinds of microstructures , i.e., the triangular and square lattices , are obtained .Experimental results show that the real-time computer display technology is helpful to im-prove the efficiency of design and fabrication of microstructures .