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秦皇岛海域“褐潮”海水对卤虫、轮虫存活和摄食的影响研究

ISSN号：1000-3096
期刊名称：海洋科学
时间：2015.4.15
页码：30-36
分类：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071, [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049
相关基金：国家重点基础研究规划973项目（2010CB428705）; 国家自然科学基金委创新群体项目（41121064）; 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项项目（201305003）; 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41276117、41206098）
相关项目：典型富营养化海域微微型真核藻类多样性及其与有害赤潮的关系研究

关键词：褐潮, 卤虫(Artemia, salina), 轮虫(Brachionus, plicatilis), 存活, 摄食, Brown tide, Artemia salina, Brachionus plicatilis, survival, ingestion

中文摘要：

为评价秦皇岛褐潮现场海水的毒性,作者利用HPLC技术及CHEMTAX,分析了2013年7月2日采自秦皇岛褐潮高峰期微型及微微型浮游植物的色素组成及群落结构;测定了卤虫（Artemia salina）、轮虫（Brachionus plicatilis）存活率和摄食量。研究表明,褐潮海水微型及微微型浮游植物中,海金藻（Pelagophyceae）占主要优势,其生物量占总生物量的72.6%。褐潮海水抑制卤虫存活,卤虫48 h存活率降至77%;对轮虫24 h存活没有显著效应。此外,褐潮海水抑制卤虫、轮虫的摄食,卤虫、轮虫8 h内摄食量分别由（5.5±0.4）ng/个降至（2.4±0.4）ng/个、由（1.5±0.2）ng/个下降至（0.9±0.1）ng/个。该结果与美国的3株褐潮藻的毒性进行了比较。CCMP 1507对卤虫存活有显著抑制作用,其他两株没有显著效应;3株褐潮藻对轮虫24 h存活都没有显著影响。暴露于3株褐潮藻中,卤虫的摄食量均显著较低;其中CCMP 1507在混合饵料中还抑制卤虫、轮虫对其他藻的摄食。对CCMP 1507各组分分析发现,该藻的毒性主要来源于藻细胞。结合现场试验与室内试验结果分析表明,秦皇岛褐潮对卤虫、轮虫有一定的毒性,其毒性与CCMP 1507的毒性相当。

英文摘要：

To study the toxicity of the ＂Brown tide＂ in Qinhuangdao, the pigment profile and phytoplankton groups of the nano-sized and pico-sized phytoplankton samples collected from the ＂Brown tide＂ blooming sea area in Qinhuangdao on July 2rd, 2013 were analyzed using HPLC and CHEMTAX, and the survival and ingestion of Artemia salina and Brachionus plicatilis were tested. It was found that pelagophytes played a predominant role, constituting 72.6% of the total phytoplankton biomass. The survival of A. salina decreased to 77% during 48 h exposure, while that of rotifer was not affected during 24 h exposure. Additionally, the ingestion of A. salina and rotifer in 8 hours was inhibited, reduced from（5.5±0.4）ng/ind to（2.4±0.4） ng/ind, and from（1.5±0.2） ng/ind to（0.9±0.1） ng/ind, respectively. Study on the toxicity of three ＂Brown tide＂ algae from America showed that CCMP 1507 affected the survival of A. salina during 48 h exposure, while no mortality was observed for rotifer during 24 h exposure. The ingestion of A. salina was low when fed on ＂Brown Tide＂ algae. CCMP 1507 inhibited the ingestion of A. salina as well as rotifer, while CCMP 1984 and CCMP 1850 showed no adverse effect on the ingestion of rotifer. The toxicity comparison of different fractions from CCMP 1507 showed that the toxicity was mainly contributed by the algae cells. Results of field experiments combined with laboratory experiments showed that the ＂Brown tide＂ in Qinhuangdao had adverse effects on A. salina and B. plicatilis, and its toxicity was generally similar to that of CCMP 1507.

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