中文摘要：

线粒体作为细胞能量代谢的重要场所,通过氧化磷酸化过程生成ATP为细胞供能。近年的研究表明,线粒体除具有能量生成功能之外,还参与母性遗传、多种生物大分子代谢以及细胞程序性死亡等病理过程。由此可见,线粒体的自身内源性平衡直接决定细胞的命运,线粒体的生成和自噬保持动态平衡。神经元主要以氧化磷酸化提供能量,维持神经元内各种生物学功能的完整,因此神经元内线粒体总体积分数约占细胞体积的30%。

英文摘要：

Mitochondria are important intracellular energy supply organelles. As semi-autonomous organelles,the mitochondrial biogenesis,damage and clearance were the dynamic processes,which are dual-regulated by mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis according to the needs of the cells for energy. Recent studies provide evidence that the disorder of mitochondrial biogenesis in the neurons participates in the pathological process after cerebral ischemia / reperfusion,resulting in metabolic disturbance and cell apoptosis. This paper reviews the research progress of mitochondrion and cerebral ischemia / reperfusion injury.