中文摘要：

采用气—质联用（GC-MS）技术对30个南疆栽培杏品种杏仁油脂肪酸组分及其遗传多样性进行了研究,并与4个华北栽培杏品种进行了比较。在参试的30个南疆杏品种杏仁油中共鉴定出包括油酸、亚油酸、棕榈油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸等15种脂肪酸成分,其中不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总含量的83.26%～88.81%,各品种均以油酸含量最高,亚油酸次之,棕榈酸第三,存在＂高油酸、高亚油酸、低棕榈酸＂的优异种质;南疆杏与华北杏杏仁油脂肪酸组成较为接近,均以不饱和脂肪酸为主,脂肪酸组分的含量在各品种间亦存在差异,变异系数分别为6.37%～49.38%和3.44%～79.57%,存在一定程度上的遗传多样性,但油酸及亚油酸等主要脂肪酸组分的变异幅度不大,变异系数均在10%以下。

英文摘要：

In order to acquire basic data for genetic diversity in Southern Xinjiang apricot and to supply scientific theory for the protection and utilization of these resources,fatty acid compositions and genetic diversity in 30 varieties of Southern Xinjiang apricot and 4 North China apricot cultivars were studied by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.The results indicated that 15 fatty acid compositions such as oleic,linoleic,palmitoleic,palmitic,stearic were identified in almond oil in Southern Xinjiang apricot,and the contents of unsaturated acids were with in the range from 83.26% to 88.81%,and oleic were the highest,followed by linoleic and palmitic in all varieties,which included the excellent germplasm of ＂high oleic,high linoleic and low palmitic acids＂.Plenty of unsaturated fatty acids were both in Southern Xinjiang apricot and North China apricot,and significant difference revealed in the contents of fatty acids between varieties,which the variation coefficients were with in the range from 6.37% to 49.38% and 3.44% to 79.57%.But the variation coefficients of the main fatty acids such as oleic and linoleic both were below 10%,which revealed modest variation range and certain genetic diversity.