中文摘要：

技术专利与技术标准的日益融合是标准化领域的一个重要趋势，正深刻改变着标准竞争的规则。以GSM标准及其必要专利为研究样本，应用Aureka和TDA分析工具生成专利地图，进而揭示专利与标准的关系。研究表明，在核心技术领域申请专利，成为企业参与标准创立的重要手段；主要专利权人持有的必要专利，不仅为早期标准创立奠定了技术基础，而且决定着标准未来的技术发展方向；通过专利地图分析发现，标准涉及的主要专利权人倾向于结成战略联盟，使这些企业之间的技术具有强相关性。

英文摘要：

The growing integration of technical standards and technical patents is an important trend in standardization, which is profoundly changing the rules of standards competition. Taking the case of GSM standard and essential patents as research sample, the paper explores the relationship between technical standards and technical patents based on patent map drawn by Aureka and TDA. The research shows that, making patent applications of core technology is becoming an important mean for companies to participate in standardizations. The essential patents which the main assignees own related to technical standards not only establish the early foundation for technical standards but also determine the future evolution of standards. The main assignees tend to form a strategic alliance in the standardization, which make these companies have a strong correlation.