中文摘要：

目的：探讨朱砂与含朱砂的中药复方（朱砂安神丸）与甲基汞、氯化汞毒性的比较。方法：对比甲基汞（MeHg）、氯化汞（HgCl2）、朱砂及朱砂安神丸对小鼠的急性、亚急性毒性及体外对人肝HL-7702细胞的毒性。结果：小鼠一次口服染毒20 g·kg^-1朱砂（约相当于临床剂量的250倍）未见死亡,而染毒0.1 g·kg^-1MeHg,0.15 g·kg^-1HgCl2致死。体外试验表明MeHg,HgCl2、朱砂及朱砂安神丸对人肝HL-7702细胞的半数致死剂量分别为4.4,9.2,2 460,4 050 m·L^-1,相差千倍。亚急性毒性实验表明HgCl2组小鼠体重明显低于正常组,其肝、肾组织中汞（Hg）蓄积量远远大于朱砂组和朱砂安神丸组,相差上千倍。肝、肾组织中金属硫蛋白MT-2 mRNA的表达亦显著高于朱砂组和朱砂安神丸组,而朱砂组、朱砂安神丸组与正常组之间无明显差异。结论：在总Hg含量相同情况下,朱砂及朱砂安神丸的毒性远远比MeHg,HgCl2小。

英文摘要：

Objective： To study the toxicity of Cinnabar and Cinnabar-containing traditional medicines（Zhusha Anshenwan） comparable to common mercurials.Method： The toxicity of methylmercury（MeHg）,mercuric chloride（HgCl2）,Cinnabar and Zhusha Anshenwan was studied in cultured human liver HL-7702 cells and in mice following acute and subacute exposures.Result： The 50% lethal concentrations（LC50） of MeHg,HgCl2,Cinnabar and Zhusha Anshenwan in human liver HL-7702 cells were 4.4,9.2,2 460,4 050 mg·L^-1,respectively.Oral cinnabar at a dose of 20 g·kg^-1（clinical dosage 250 times） did not kill mouse,but no mouse could survive MeHg at a dose of 0.1 g·kg^-1or HgCl2 at a dose of 0.15 g·kg^-1.Subacute toxicity experiment indicated that HgCl2 retarded body weight gain with significant accumulation of Hg in the liver and kidney.In comparison,mercury accumulation after Cinnabar and Zhusha Anshenwan was insignificant.No apparent hepatic and renal dysfunctions were evident under the experimental conditions,but the metallothionein-2 mRNA levels were much higher in HgCl2 group than in other groups.Conclusion： Cinnabar and Zhusha Anshenwan are much less toxic than MeHg and HgCl2.